If the spiral tow worm came off of the cleaning rod, using an air compressor or one of those CO2 cartridge blowers may be your best bet. A little water down the bore first may help to loosen the patch and worm. If the cleaning rod is still attached to the tow worm in the barrel, then follow Artificer's suggestion and just pour some water down the bore to soak the patch and then ease the rod/worm/patch out of the bore.
For future cleanings, I suggest you purchase a cleaning jag from October Country that has a knurled end to eliminate the cleaning patch from becoming doubled-up around the worm or jag when pulling the cleaning rod out of the barrel, which is the cause of the rod/patch becoming stuck in a dirty barrel. Never run a dry patch down a dirty barrel with a jag or worm, as it will surely get stuck/jammed in the barrel. If you like cleaning the barrel with a tow worm, I suggest you get some flax tow and use it rather than a patch. The worms were used historically but with tow, not patches. I have used a worm and flax tow for years and have never gotten a cleaning rod stuck down the barrel.