I have three 58's Lancaster Fullstock-flinter, Hawken Fullstock-flinter, and Hawken Fullstock-percussion. All use a .562 ball, my patchs are Pillow ticking washed several times to remove the sizing, then I make strips and some precut patchs.
IIRC they measure around .022. The precut patchs get a little thicker when dip lubed with either youngs or borebutter.
What was wrong with the 54cal? IMHO the 54 is about as good as it gets, not too much not to little.
How do I like it?
I built the Fullstock Hawken flinter in the late eighties,what I was looking for was a rifle for hunting Elk and Muledeer, the only reason I choose a 58cal when doing my research on caliber (I had a 50cal and 54 at the time) Lymans blackpowder handbook gave velocities and pressure numbers, and comparing the pressures between the different calibers I liked the fact that the 58cal never got out of the LUP range (lead units of pressure), where as the others were all in the CUP range (copper units of pressure) range the cup is a higher range, and thats with great amounts of powder. The other reason I choose the 58 was with a 36" barrel the total weight would be less and more comfortable to carry in the mountains. With the 58 you will have a more rainbow trajectory and it takes more powder to get the ball moving then the smaller calibers.
over the years Ive killed two Elk with the Hawken flinter and can say that the 58cal performed very well for me and is a pure joy to tote up and down the hills.