Redneck, be interested to hear what you find.
My GGF chased your ancestors on the borders while serving with the Third Wisconsin Cavalry in the ACW.
CC, there was a heck of a lot of activity out my way here in Oregon well before the Civil War: the Oregon Trail migrations really got under way by 1846 (but started in the 1830s); the gold rushes in California (1849) and Oregon (1850) lured tens of thousands; and you can throw in a fistful of wars with the First Nations folks all through the West. Plenty of call for a civilian, miner, homesteader or traveler to go thoughtfully well-heeled.
Here is advice from Captain Marcy, who wrote "The Prairie Traveler" in 1859:
ARMS.
Every man who goes into the Indian country should be armed with a rifle and revolver, and he should never, either in camp or out of it, lose sight of them. When not on the march, they should be placed in such a position that they can be seized at an instant's warning; and when moving about outside the camp, the revolver should invariably be worn in the belt, as the person does not know at what moment he may have use for it.
A great diversity of opinion obtains regarding the kind of rifle that is the most efficient and best adapted to Indian warfare, and the question is perhaps as yet very far from being settled to the satisfaction of all. A large majority of men prefer the breech-loading arm, but there are those who still adhere tenaciously to the old-fashioned muzzle-loading rifle as preferable to any of the modern inventions. Among these may be mentioned the border hunters and mountaineers, who can not be persuaded to use any other than the Hawkins rifle, for the reason that they know nothing about the merits of any others. My own experience has forced me to the conclusion that the breech-loading arm possesses great advantages over the muzzle-loading, for the reason that it can be charged and fired with much greater rapidity.
Colt's revolving pistol is very generally admitted, both in Europe and America, to be the most efficient arm of its kind known at the present day. As the same principles are involved in the fabrication of his breech-loading rifle as are found in the pistol, the conviction to me is irresistible that, if one arm is worthy of consideration, the other is equally so. For my own part, I look upon Colt's new patent rifle as a most excellent arm for border service. It gives six shots in more rapid succession than any other rifle I know of, and these, if properly expended, are oftentimes sufficient to decide a contest; moreover, it is the most reliable and certain weapon to fire that I have ever used, and I can not resist the force of my conviction that, if I were alone upon the prairies, and expected an attack from a body of Indians, I am not acquainted with any arm I would as soon have in my hands as this.
The army and navy revolvers have both been used in our army, but the officers are not united in opinion in regard to their relative merits. I prefer the large army size, for reasons which will be given hereafter.
By the way, here is a link to the entire book, on the Gutenberg site. If you haven't read it, you are in for a treat:
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/23066/23066-h/23066-h.htm#V
