The rear "trigger" is actually just a lever which is cocked by pulling it. It bends a heavy spring and engages a small sear (or catch) which is on the front trigger.
Pulling this front trigger disengages the sear, releasing the rear "trigger" which is driven upward into the locks sear.
When it hits the locks sear and it releases, the hammer falls.
Some of these set triggers can be fired without "setting" or cocking the rear "trigger". When fired this way, the front trigger will require from 1/2 pound to several pounds of pull to fire the gun.
When the rear trigger is "set", the front trigger requires only about 1/2 ounce or less pressure to release the rear "trigger".
Some people call this front trigger (when the rear "trigger" is cocked", a hair trigger because it seems like it only takes a hair pushing it to fire the gun. ::