Glass bedding of modern rifles included "free floating" of the barrels for accuracy for as the barrels heated and the steel expanded the stocks would then add uneven pressure to the action and the barrel. When you are shooting long range, this does make a big difference.
For a black powder target rifle, especially something that is full stocked with the stock attached to the barrel with pins or keys, I was taught that changes in humidity with the wood, plus temperature, then the added heat from the barrel, will cause the wood to metal contact and pressure to change, and thus, for target shooting this can make a difference. So glass bedding of a stock can reduce or eliminate this.
I have had to glass bed the tang and where the butt of a barrel rests against a stock in some commerically made muskets, as well as some rifles built from kits. This was because too much wood had been removed, and stress from recoil was causing problems. I have also used it several times to make repairs of stock at the lock mortise as well as the wrist areas.
IF these are not your concerns, optimal accuracy espcially at long range, or strength at quesionable stock locations or outright repairs, you probably don't need to do it.
If you decide to do it, be sure you do it right, otherwise you may end up gluing the barrel into the stock. :shocked2: I've seen a few DIY glass bedding projects end up that way.
LD