Re the length of tubing to push into the bore and over the brush: Do you know what caliber bore this is? The tubing would probably be copper or aluminum, and might be hard to find. If I was to do this, I'd find a centerfire rifle cartridge case that would fit into the bore and use that. Cut off the neck at the shoulder, don't debur the cut. Punch out the primer with a nail. Drill the primer pocket out to the size of a 10x32 or 8x32 bolt, whichever size the cleaning rod takes. Get a round-head bolt of that thread size and put it into the cartridge case. Might have to cut the case off some more or grind the bolt head down so it will go in. Feed it through the hole and screw it into the cleaning rod. Cut the bolt off so the case screws tight against the rod tip. The cases have some taper to them, which would help hold the captured brush. Cases to use? A .30-30 would fit into a .45, a .270, 30-06, .308, .243, etc, would fit into a .50 caliber, and a magnum belted case would go for a .54. You'd have to file the rims and/or belts off the cases. Best to use a range rod for this, or make sure the rod tip is pinned to the wooden rod, if used.